Recycling Tags
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- Recycling
Continuations: Vol. 34(1)
(1999), pp.
251-260.If the
continuations
in functional
data-structure
-generating
programs are
made explicit
and
represented as
records, they
can be
#recycled."
Once they have
served their
purpose as
temporary,
intermediate
structures for
managing
program
control, the
space they
occupy can be
reused for the
structures
that the
programs
produce as
their output.
To effect this
immediate
memory
reclamation,
we use a
sequence of
correctness-pr
eserving
program
transformation
s,
demonstrated
through a
series of
simple...
Source: Vol. 34(1) (1999), pp. 251-260. - Rabaptin-5alph
a/rabaptin-4
serves as a
linker between
rab4 and
gamma(1)-adapt
in in membrane
recycling from
endosomes.: The EMBO
journal, Vol.
22, No. 11. (2
June 2003),
pp.
2645-2657.Rab4
regulates
recycling from
early
endosomes. We
investigated
the role of
the rab4
effector
rabaptin-5alph
a and its
putative
partner
gamma(1)-adapt
in in membrane
recycling. We
found that
rabaptin-5alph
a forms a
ternary
complex with
the
gamma(1)-sigma
(1) subcomplex
of AP-1, via a
direct
interaction
with the
gamma(1)-subun
it. The
binding site
for
gamma(1)-adapt
in is in the
hinge region
of
rabaptin-5alph
a, which is
distinct from
rab4- and
rab5-binding
domains.
Endogenous or
ectopically
expressed
gamma(1)-
adaptin
localized to
both the
trans-Golgi
network and
endosomes.
Co-expressed
rabaptin-5alph
a and
gamma(1)-adapt
in, however,
co-localized
in a
rab4-dependent
manner on
recycling
endosomes.
Transfection
of
rabaptin-5alph
a caused
enlarged
endosomes and
delayed
recycling of
transferrin.
RNAi of rab4
had an
opposing
effect on
transferrin
recycling.
Collectively,
our data show
that rab4-GTP
acts as a
scaffold for a
rabaptin-5alph
a-
gamma(1)-adapt
in complex on
recycling
endosomes and
that
interactions
between rab4,
rabaptin-5alph
a and
gamma(1)-adapt
in regulate
membrane
recycling.
Source: The EMBO journal, Vol. 22, No. 11. (2 June 2003), pp. 2645-2657. - Commitment
Approach to
Motivating
Community
Recycling: New
Zealand
Curbside Trial: Journal of
Consumer
Affairs, Vol.
31, No. 1.
(1997), pp.
27-52.An urban
community in
New Zealand
was the site
of a field
experiment
designed to
assess
different
approaches to
increasing
household
participation
in a cnrbside
recycling
program. Two
different
commitment
interventions
were delivered
using a 2 x 2
factorial
design, and
weekly
participation
data were
collected over
12 weeks. Half
of the
households
were asked to
make an
explicit
verbal
commitment to
participate in
the program,
while half
were not. Half
of the
households
were also
requested to
pay for their
recycling
bins, while
half received
bins free of
charge. All
households
received the
same
educational
and
promotional
information,
specifically
designed to
maximize
participation,
regarding
program
details. The
verbal
commitment
intervention
significantly
increased
participation
relative to
the no
commitment
intervention,
while
difficulties
in the
operationaliza
tion of the
financial
commitment
intervention
made it
difficult to
assess its
validity as a
construct.
Notably,
differences in
participation
rates between
the control
group, who
received only
educational
and
promotional
materials, and
the
experimental
treatment
groups were
not
statistically
significant.
The discussion
focuses oh the
increasing
importance of
well-designed
educational
materials for
encouraging
voluntary
curb-side
recycling.
Source: Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 31, No. 1. (1997), pp. 27-52. - Myosin VI and
its
interacting
protein LMTK2
regulate
tubule
formation and
transport to
the endocytic
recycling
compartment.: J Cell Sci (20
November
2007)Myosin VI
is an
actin-based
retrograde
motor protein
that plays a
crucial role
in both
endocytic and
secretory
membrane
trafficking
pathways.
Myosin VI's
targeting to
and function
in these
intracellular
pathways is
mediated by a
number of
specific
binding
partners. In
this paper we
have
identified a
new
myosin-VI-bind
ing partner,
lemur tyrosine
kinase 2
(LMTK2), which
is the first
transmembrane
protein and
kinase that
directly binds
to myosin VI.
LMTK2 binds to
the WWY site
in the
C-terminal
myosin VI
tail, the same
site as the
endocytic
adaptor
protein Dab2.
When either
myosin VI or
LMTK2 is
depleted by
siRNAs, the
transferrin
receptor (TfR)
is trapped in
swollen
endosomes and
tubule
formation in
the endocytic
recycling
pathway is
dramatically
reduced,
showing that
both proteins
are required
for the
transport of
cargo, such as
the TfR, from
early
endosomes to
the endocytic
recycling
compartment.
Source: J Cell Sci (20 November 2007) - Internalizatio
n and
Recycling of
the CB1
Cannabinoid
Receptor: Journal of
Neurochemistry
, Vol. 73, No.
2. (1999), pp.
493-501.Abstra
ct : Tolerance
develops
rapidly to
cannabis,
cannabinoids,
and related
drugs acting
at the CB1
cannabinoid
receptor.
However,
little is
known about
what happens
to the
receptor as
tolerance is
developing. In
this study, we
have found
that CB1
receptors are
rapidly
internalized
following
agonist
binding and
receptor
activation.
Efficacious
cannabinoid
agonists (WIN
55,212-2, CP
55,940, and HU
210) caused
rapid
internalizatio
n.
Methanandamide
(an analogue
of an
endogenous
cannabinoid,
anandamide)
was less
effective,
causing
internalizatio
n only at high
concentration,
whereas
03949-tetrahyd
rocannabinol
caused little
internalizatio
n, even at 3
03BCM. CB1
internalized
via
clathrin-coate
d pits as
sequestration
was inhibited
by hypertonic
sucrose.
Internalizatio
n did not
require
activated G
protein 03B1i,
03B1o, or
03B1s
subunits. A
region of the
extreme
carboxy
terminus of
the receptor
was necessary
for
internalizatio
n, as a mutant
CB1 receptor
lacking the
last 14
residues did
not
internalize,
whereas a
mutant lacking
the last 10
residues did.
Steps involved
in the
recycling of
sequestered
receptor were
also
investigated.
Recovery of
CB1 to the
cell surface
after short
(20 min) but
not long (90
min) agonist
treatment was
independent of
new protein
synthesis.
Recycling also
required
endosomal
acidification
and
dephosphorylat
ion. These
results show
that CB1
receptor
trafficking is
dynamically
regulated by
cannabimimetic
drugs.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry, Vol. 73, No. 2. (1999), pp. 493-501.
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Recycling Tag Pages: 1
Recycling Tag Pages: 1
